Exercise in Parkinson's, depression and dementia

Intervention: It will be recruited at least 60 patients in each clinical condition (DM, DA and PD), considering the loss of follow-up of 20% (12 patients). Thus, sample reach the N 20 subjects for each type of intervention (physical training and control) and a total of 180 patients during the five years of research (60 DM, 60 AD, 60 PD). The sample size was based on the results of a pilot unpublished study conducted in our laboratory.The control group (C) will have clinical follow-up, but will not perform any physical training. The training group (TG) will attend the Institute of Neurology Deolindo Couto twice a week to conduct a training routine. The routine consists of performing aerobic training (AT) and force (TF) in a 60-minute service session, 30 minutes for each training method. The TF will be done at an intensity of 70% of one repetition maximum (RM). large groups will be used (extensors and knee flexors, dorsal and pectoral), three sets of 8 to 12 repetitions for each muscle group. The TA will be carried out at an intensity of 70% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) or 80% of maximum heart rate (MHR) estimated production, established by the formula 220 - age. equipment will be used as a treadmill for walking or stationary bike. The training will be led by physical education teachers and physiotherapists and will be monitored by the rate monitors Polar ® brand. the blood pressure of the subjects will be measured before, during and after each training session.;Other;I02.233.543 Primary outcome: Reduction of the depressive symptoms for depression group after 3 months; the Geriatric Depression Scale; via response parameters, namely 50% reduction of symptoms after 3 months of the intervention. For the Alzheimer group, the reduction of overall cognitive state performance after 3 months of operation; the Mini-Mental State Examination; it is expected that the reduction of the scores is less than 3 points in the exercise group, ie higher in the control group compared to the exercise group. For Parkinson's group, improved UPDRS score after 3 months. Secondary outcome: After 3 months of intervention is expected to improve the functional capacity assessed by the Berg Balance Scale, the test to evaluate the dual task, the test of strength with the use of a dynamometer, by kinematic gait analysis and the battery tests functional Senior Fitness Test. Improvement of electrophysiological activity assessed by heart rate variability and the electroencephalogram; expected increase in HRV and increased alpha power. Improved hormonal response by measuring cortisol and DHEA.