Brain scans and neurological symptoms

Inclusion criteria: 1.Patients with psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders Patients who are at least 18 years of age at the time consent is obtained. Patients who are able to be accompanied on the day of study participation in QST by a potential surrogate if consent by the patient is difficult to obtain. Patients who meet the diagnostic criteria for each disease. 2.Patients with central nervous system injury Patients who are at least 18 years old at the time of consent. Patients must be able to understand the study outline at the time of consent. Patients with a history of CNS injury that can be confirmed by medical history. 3.Healthy volunteers Healthy volunteers who are at least 18 years old at the time of consent. Healthy adults who have been examined by a physician who is a researcher and judged to be eligible for this study. Exclusion criteria: 1) Subjects with psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders 1. Subjects with organic brain complications/disorders 2. Subjects with substance-related disorders 3. Subjects with severe physical complications/disorders or a history of such conditions 4. Subjects with claustrophobia 5. Pregnant, possibly pregnant or lactating women 6. Those with a history of allergic reactions to local anesthetics or heparin (only for arterial blood sampling). 7. Subjects who are taking anticoagulants (only for arterial blood sampling). 8. Subjects who are considered to be inappropriate for participation by doctors with responsibilities in this study 2) Subjects with traumatic brain injury 1. Subjects who are considered to be inappropriate for participation by doctors with responsibilities in this study 2. Subjects with claustrophobia 3. Pregnant, possibly pregnant or lactating women 4. Those with a history of allergic reactions to local anesthetics or heparin (only for arterial blood sampling). 5. Subjects who are taking anticoagulants (only for arterial blood sampling). 6. Subjects who are considered to be inappropriate for participation by doctors with responsibilities in this study 3) Healthy volunteers 1. Subjects with organic brain complications/disorders 2. Subjects with substance-related disorders 3. Subjects with severe physical complications/disorders or a history of such conditions 4. Subjects with magnetic metals in their bodies (tattoos, tattoos including art makeup, pacemakers, etc.). 5. Subjects with claustrophobia 6. Pregnant, possibly pregnant or lactating women 7. Those with a history of allergic reactions to local anesthetics or heparin (only for arterial blood sampling). 8. Subjects who are taking anticoagulants (only for arterial blood sampling). 9. Subjects who are considered to be inappropriate for participation by doctors with responsibilities in this study