Exploring the therapeutic potential of hesperidin nanoparticles, carbidopa-levodopa, or their combined administration in a rat model of reserpine-induced Parkinsonism.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of hesperidin nanoparticles, carbidopa-levodopa, or their combined administration in a rat model of reserpine-induced Parkinsonism.
A plain-language reading has not been prepared for this paper yet.
Original abstract
In the pursuit of novel and effective therapeutic strategies, this study investigates the effects of hesperidin nanoparticles (HSP NPs), either alone or in combination with Carbidopa-levodopa (CLD), in a reserpine-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) rat model. Rats were randomly assigned to five experimental groups: control, PD model, PD model + HSP NPs, PD model + CLD, and PD model + HSP NPs + CLD. Behavior was assessed by the open field and grip strength tests. Monoamine levels, oxidative stress, enzyme activity, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were analyzed in two brain areas; midbrain and striatum. Untreated rats exhibited motor deficits, a significant decrease in dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin levels, along with an increase in oxidative stress markers, monoamine oxidase, and acetylcholinesterase activities in both the midbrain and striatum compared to control values. Treatment with CLD or HSP NPs resulted in elevated levels of monoamines, restoring enzyme activity, and mitigating oxidative stress with partial improvement in motor activity. The combination of HSP NPs and CLD significantly restored Biochemical parameters in the midbrain and striatum, and decreased midbrain AChE activity. These findings underscore the potential of HSP NPs in mitigating neurochemical and behavioral alterations induced by reserpine in the rat PD model. According to the present promising preclinical data, HSP NPs could be investigated on other models of PD to ensure their antiparkinsonian effects. These preclinical results may represent a primary step toward using HSP NPs in human investigation.