Exploring the role of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) in ameliorating neuroinflammation.
Exploring the role of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) in ameliorating neuroinflammation.
Where did the research take place?
The study site has not been established. Author addresses may differ from where the research occurred.
Bandar Sunway, MY · Author affiliation
School of Science, Monash University Malaysia Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.Location evidence
Petaling Jaya, MY · Author affiliation
Food As Medicine Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.Location evidence
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Original abstract
Neuroinflammation is a chronic inflammatory response that contributes to synaptic dysfunction and neuronal damage, it is a common feature among various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Huntington's Disease (HD). Tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) is a form of vitamin E that is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Yet, it has not been adequately investigated in both cellular and animal neuroinflammation models. In this study, the potential therapeutic effects of TRF were investigated in-vitro using BV2 microglial cells and also in-vivo in a pilot study using Sprague Dawley rats. TRF at 5 and 10 µg/mL were found to reduce nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Furthermore, in-vivo treatment with TRF significantly increases the recognition index implying improvement in cognition ability. Gene expression analysis showed downregulation of RelA, TNF-α and IL-6 while NFE2L2 and BDNF were upregulated. These findings suggests that TRF may help mitigates neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, indicating its potential as a candidature for further investigation in neurodegenerative diseases associated with chronic neuroinflammation.