Shared Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms Across Dementia Types: An Integrative Review.
Shared Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms Across Dementia Types: An Integrative Review.
Where did the research take place?
The study site has not been established. Author addresses may differ from where the research occurred.
Taichung, TW · Author affiliation
Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan, China.Location evidence
Surabaya, ID · Author affiliation
Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, Surabaya 6026, Indonesia.Location evidence
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Original abstract
Dementia is a neurodegenerative condition marked by progressive cognitive decline, which affects people worldwide. Studies on dementia typically continue over years of uncertainty. Different types of dementia, like Alzheimer's disease dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and vascular dementia, exhibit different pathological features, yet their downstream inflammatory pathways involve similar inflammatory mediators. As an initial trigger, microglial cells and astrocytes become activated by protein aggregates, mutations, or any other cause, and release pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can lead to synaptic dysfunction, neuronal degeneration, and impaired cognitive function. Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of all forms of dementia. Despite their distinct neuropathological features, inflammatory processes may coincide at a point and lead to neuronal degeneration and cognitive decline. Recent advancements in neuroimaging techniques and biomarker discovery revealed potential therapeutic targets that may mitigate neuroinflammation. The primary objective of this review is to explore the underlying mechanisms linking neuroinflammation to various types of dementia. This review focuses on shared and distinct neuroinflammatory mechanisms to unravel significant therapeutic strategies for dementia.