Next-generation lipid nanocarriers for Parkinson's therapy: nose-to-brain innovations and clinical prospects.
Next-generation lipid nanocarriers for Parkinson's therapy: nose-to-brain innovations and clinical prospects.
Where did the research take place?
The study site has not been established. Author addresses may differ from where the research occurred.
EG · Author affiliation · country only
Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt.Location evidence
Sharjah, AE · Author affiliation
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. 27272, United Arab Emirates (UAE). mohamed.elsayed@sharjah.ac.ae.Location evidence
Suez, EG · Author affiliation
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, P.O. 41522, Ismailia, Egypt. mohamed_nafie@science.suez.edu.eg.Location evidence
Ismailia, EG · Author affiliation
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, P.O. 41522, Ismailia, Egypt. mohamed_nafie@science.suez.edu.eg.Location evidence
Ajman, AE · Author affiliation
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.Location evidence
SA · Author affiliation · country only
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.Location evidence
Khartoum, SD · Author affiliation
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.Location evidence
DE · Author affiliation · country only
Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Marburg University, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037, Marburg, Germany. sheriffahmy@aucegypt.edu.Location evidence
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Original abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) remains one of the most formidable challenges in central nervous system (CNS) drug delivery due to the restrictive blood-brain barrier (BBB) and limited efficacy of current dopaminergic therapies. Lipid-based nanocarriers, including liposomes, cubosomes, and nanostructured lipid carriers, have emerged as versatile nose-to-brain platforms offering rapid CNS access, dual encapsulation of synthetic and plant-derived neuroprotective agents, and tunable release kinetics. This review bridges nanoscale material design (e.g., lipid crystallinity, phase transitions, hybridization with plant exosomes) with intranasal transport pathways and therapeutic outcomes in PD. We highlight multifunctional innovations such as stimuli-responsive lipid systems, exosome-cubosome hybrids, and AI-guided formulation modeling coupled with microfluidic manufacturing. By linking mechanistic insights with translational hurdles-including safety and regulatory challenges-we provide a forward-looking roadmap for next-generation nanotherapies poised to redefine PD management and accelerate clinical translation.